NEWS

GRAMMAR

PRESENT PERFECT TENSE 

         * Present perfect tense is a perfective tense and it's used to express action completed in the present. Exampe: I have finished

             Perfective here is a tense of verbs used in describing action that has been completed ( something regarded as perfective aspect). 

            - The Formula is: S + Auxiliary(has/have) + Past participle ( Verb III) 

                        Example: 1. I have watched Spiderman movie W

                                         2. I have eaten 

            -  It's used : 

                                1. some action that happened in the past and still have influence till now. 

                                2. some action that began in the past and still continues till now. 

            -  It's function: 

                                1. to show some experience from the doer in the sentence.

                                    example: - I have been to france.

                                                    - I think i have seen this movie before. 

                                2. to show a chance, usually present perfect tense is used for showing a          chance something or someone from time to time: 

                                   example: - you have grown up since last time o saw you. 

                                                   - the goverment has become more interested in arts education. 

                                3. to show some achievement or rising some action from a people. 

                                   example: - man has walked on the moon

                                                   - scientiest  have split the atom 

                                4. to show some activity that unfinished and has influence up to now. 

                                   example: - Daniel has not finished his homework yet. 

                                                   - Bill has still not arrived 

                                5.  to show some activity that happened more than one. 

                                   example: - the army has attacked that city five times. 

                                                   - I have three quizzes and four test for this month.

             - Present perfect tense in positive (+) form : 

                     (S + has/have + Verb III + Object)

                   example: - you have seen that movie many times 

                                   - there have been many earthquakes in California

             - Present perfect tense in negative (-) form: 

                     (S + has/have + Not + Verb III + Object) 

                   example: - people have not traveled to the moon 

                                   - he has not been since morning 

             - Present perfect tense in interrogative (?) form: 

                     (Has/have + S + Verb III + Object) 

                     example: - have you read the book yet? 

                                     - have there ever been a war in the united states?